The ability to read and use a variety of maps is crucial in land surveying. Land surveyors begin with a large-scale map in order to make a landscape-level plan. After the land surveyor determines the need for specific projects a stand-level map will be required. Two kinds of stand-level maps include: Transportation maps and Topographic maps.
Transportation maps usually cover a large area (ex. an entire county or state). It can also act as a stand-level tool to locate areas where project work takes place. Transportation maps vary in design depending on where it is being used. Though this may be useful for the Forest Service and BLM, it can often create problems due to the inconsistency for land surveyors working in an area with multiple ownerships.
Topographic contours are shown in brown by lines of different widths. Each contour is a line of equal elevation; therefore, contours never cross. They show the general shape of the terrain. To help the user determine elevations, index contours are wider. Elevation values are printed in several places along these lines. The narrower intermediate and supplementary contours found between the index contours help to show more details of the land surface shape. Contours that are very close together represent steep slopes. Widely spaced contours or an absence of contours means that the ground slope is relatively level. The elevation difference between adjacent contour lines, called the contour interval, is selected to best show the general shape of the terrain.
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